{"id":23049,"date":"2025-04-21T08:40:38","date_gmt":"2025-04-21T06:40:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/?p=23049"},"modified":"2025-09-21T14:05:09","modified_gmt":"2025-09-21T12:05:09","slug":"ulrich-a-boschwitz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/","title":{"rendered":"Ulrich A. Boschwitz"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.elementor-1602 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5613107{--display:flex;--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:space-around;--flex-wrap:wrap;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:60px;--padding-bottom:60px;--padding-left:5px;--padding-right:5px;}.elementor-1602 .elementor-element.elementor-element-621dd03{--swiper-slides-to-display:4;--arrow-prev-left-align:0%;--arrow-prev-translate-x:0px;--arrow-prev-left-position:0px;--arrow-prev-top-align:50%;--arrow-prev-translate-y:-50%;--arrow-prev-top-position:0px;--arrow-next-right-align:0%;--arrow-next-translate-x:0%;--arrow-next-right-position:0px;--arrow-next-top-align:50%;--arrow-next-translate-y:-50%;--arrow-next-top-position:0px;--swiper-slides-gap:10px;--arrow-normal-color:var( 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data-widget_type=\"loop-carousel.post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper elementor-loop-container elementor-grid\" role=\"list\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-1582\">.elementor-1582 .elementor-element.elementor-element-973247a{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--gap:8px 8px;--row-gap:8px;--column-gap:8px;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image .widget-image-caption{color:var( --e-global-color-text );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );font-weight:var( 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theme-post-featured-image, class: .elementor-element-b2f8aff *\/.elementor-1582 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b2f8aff img{\n    aspect-ratio: 1\/1 !important;\n}\/* End custom CSS *\/\n\/* Start custom CSS for theme-post-title, class: .elementor-element-97f6239 *\/.menu-pic:hover h4{\n    color: #D45847 !important;\n}\n\n.elementor-1582 .elementor-element.elementor-element-97f6239 h4 a{\n    font-family: 'Satoshi' !important;\n}\n\n.elementor-1582 .elementor-element.elementor-element-97f6239{\n    cursor: pointer;\n    text-decoration: none !important;\n}\n\n.elementor-1582 .elementor-element.elementor-element-97f6239:hover{\n     color: #D45847 !important;\n}\n\na{\n    text-decoration: none !important;\n}\/* End custom CSS *\/<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-11667 post-11667 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-berlin-en tag-exil-en tag-franz-lebrecht-en tag-hay-en tag-heinz-dehn-en tag-hmt-dunera-en tag-holocaust-en tag-ida-dehn-en tag-internment tag-kitchener-camp-en tag-leberecht-dehn-en tag-tatura-en tag-united-kingom\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/DehnHeinz-bio-rb7ijmicxjt0bxw6h9zu2cz4s8o6z9vivt8v9s0o28.webp\" title=\"DehnHeinz-bio\" alt=\"Heinz Dehn 1974. Foto: J\u00fcrgen Henschel, Familienarchiv Dehn.\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/heinz-dehn\/\">Heinz Dehn<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-13287 post-13287 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-8th-australian-employment-company-en tag-australia tag-buchenwald-concentration-camp tag-dachau-concentration-camp tag-exil-en tag-franz-lebrecht-en tag-hildegard-berndt-en tag-holocaust-en tag-lichtenburg-concentration-camp tag-mainz-mayence tag-rosa-luxemburg-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/FranzLebrecht-bio-qgi0ad2u4qi6jspdspp0om8va49qzm9bsrr6lpu6kw.webp\" title=\"FranzLebrecht-bio\" alt=\"FranzLebrecht-bio\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/franz-lebrecht\/\">Franz Lebrecht<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-11502 post-11502 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-exil-en tag-hannover-en tag-holocaust-en tag-ida-dehn-en tag-the-nussbaum-family\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/nussbaum-rb7hq768z9iuvemxb23aiaanazpj0e21660nexncuo.jpg\" title=\"nussbaum\" alt=\"nussbaum\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-nussbaum-family\/\">The Nussbaum family<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-8852 post-8852 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-dr-hans-frankenstein-en tag-exil-en tag-heinz-dehn-en tag-internment tag-kitchener-camp-en tag-united-kingom\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/kitchener_suchseite-rb7hqaxlqlo05uhgp3pss9choj6zv6gyiomlc1hs5s.jpg\" title=\"kitchener_suchseite\" alt=\"kitchener_suchseite\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/kitchener-camp\/\">Kitchener Camp<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-11022 post-11022 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-exil-en tag-hannover-en tag-heinz-dehn-en tag-ida-dehn-en tag-the-flieder-family\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/DehnIda_Beitrag-rb7hbh19wpd4zc0zaoxpg02o9oaif3lf5a2sqvhec0.jpg\" title=\"DehnIda_Beitrag\" alt=\"DehnIda_Beitrag\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ida-dehn\/\">Ida Dehn<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-10876 post-10876 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-abraham-flieder-en tag-auschwitz-en tag-hannover-en tag-ida-dehn-en tag-polenaktion-en tag-simon-flieder-en tag-zbaszyn-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/FliederFamilie-rb7hr0b8v4mqvbglkwoq5kxxpxpwn09pm68paig5hs.jpg\" title=\"FliederFamilie\" alt=\"FliederFamilie\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-flieder-family\/\">The Flieder family<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-10377 post-10377 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-ghetto-riga-en tag-heinz-dehn-en tag-holocaust-en tag-leberecht-dehn-en tag-theresienstadt-concentration-camp tag-treblinka-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Dehnfamilie-rb7hrdgzit4rduxhg2di4hme1bx1mrpybzdi0dwn2o.jpg\" title=\"Dehnfamilie\" alt=\"Dehnfamilie\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-dehn-family\/\">The Dehn family<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-10201 post-10201 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-buchenwald-concentration-camp tag-dachau-concentration-camp tag-franz-lebrecht-en tag-sachsenhausen-concentration-camp tag-singapore tag-universitaet-muenster\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Friedlich-rb7hquo7q4f0xnoshu8yqmd65mhpctnblebseuoij4.jpg\" title=\"Friedlich\" alt=\"Friedlich\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ernst-friedlich\/\">Ernst Friedlich<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-10044 post-10044 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-buchenwald-concentration-camp tag-dachau-concentration-camp tag-ernst-friedlich-fry-en tag-exil-en tag-franz-lebrecht-en tag-hamburg-en tag-leon-gottlieb-en tag-sachsenhausen-concentration-camp tag-singapore\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Gottlieb-rb7hqm7o0m3g1612v8lbm6i0t5nefjpqk8gf3d1234.jpg\" title=\"Gottlieb\" alt=\"Gottlieb\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/leon-gottlieb\/\">Leon Gottlieb<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-11143 post-11143 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-eric-robert-towers-en tag-erich-tichauer-en tag-exil-en tag-heinz-dehn-en tag-hmt-dunera-en tag-holocaust-en tag-ida-dehn-en-2 tag-walter-fuerst-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Tichauer_beitragsbild-rb7hbx0j4vz0gpdrpdud4e1id83r1ycuvh61wktpe8.jpg\" title=\"Tichauer_beitragsbild\" alt=\"Tichauer_beitragsbild\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/erich-tichauer\/\">Erich Tichauer<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-10245 post-10245 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-dr-ernst-wasser-en tag-dr-hans-frankenstein-en tag-exil-en tag-goerlitz-en tag-hmt-dunera-en tag-kitchener-camp-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Fnankenstein-1-rb7hqwjw3shlkvm26v27vlw3ce8fs7us9nmrdelq6o.jpg\" title=\"Fnankenstein\" alt=\"Fnankenstein\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/dr-hans-frankenstein\/\">Dr Hans Frankenstein<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-10752 post-10752 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-exil-en tag-josef-ganz-en tag-volkswagen-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/ganz-rb7hqn5i7g4qcrzppqzy6o9hejirn8tgwd3wkmznww.jpg\" title=\"ganz\" alt=\"ganz\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/josef-ganz\/\">Josef Ganz<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-11254 post-11254 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-a-j-storfer-en tag-ernst-platz-en tag-eva-schwarcz-en tag-karl-und-olga-bodan-en tag-mark-siegelberg-en tag-shanghai-12-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/shanghai12-rb7hs3sgu64sexv96dr22azao4bbmamfrln3g4tm8g.jpg\" title=\"shanghai12\" alt=\"shanghai12\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-shanghai-12\/\">The \u201eShanghai 12\u201c<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-11221 post-11221 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-france tag-ginette-rozenfeld-en tag-holocaust-en tag-ida-dehn-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/rozenfeld-rb7hkl2y5vu7j8sh34qi47ajl5dm1grqqdr98fz00g.jpg\" title=\"rozenfeld\" alt=\"rozenfeld\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ginette-rozenfeld\/\">Ginette Rozenfeld<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-20010 post-20010 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-dr-hans-frankenstein-en tag-exil-en tag-hmt-dunera-en tag-holocaust-en tag-unrra-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/WasserErnst_Beitragsbild-rb7hbyw7ik1l3xb1eenm9dkfjzuhhckbjqh0v4qx1s.jpg\" title=\"WasserErnst_Beitragsbild\" alt=\"WasserErnst_Beitragsbild\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/dr-ernst-wasser\/\">Dr Ernst Wasser<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-18542 post-18542 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biografie category-biography tag-australia tag-berlin-en tag-exil-en tag-georg-chodziesner-en tag-hay-en tag-hmt-dunera-en tag-holocaust-en tag-internment tag-isle-of-man-en tag-kitchener-camp-en tag-tatura-en tag-united-kingom\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/ChodziesnerGeorg_beitrag2-rb7gapkilz1ewdfdysuzxa1nv5hpd9ncrbj519zpow.jpg\" title=\"ChodziesnerGeorg_beitrag2\" alt=\"ChodziesnerGeorg_beitrag2\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/george-chodziesner\/\">George Chodziesner<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-16740 post-16740 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-hmt-dunera-en tag-wolfgang-a-kittel\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Kittel_Beitrag-rb7gwxh65zgfcj5h7wmid66xe1z2bouxhapcfr1ols.png\" title=\"Kittel_Beitrag\" alt=\"Kittel_Beitrag\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wolfgang-kittel\/\">Wolfgang Kittel<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-22118 post-22118 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-berlin-en tag-exil-en tag-harry-jay-en tag-harry-jeidels-en tag-hay-en tag-hmt-dunera-en tag-holocaust-en tag-internment tag-photography tag-tatura-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/JayHarry_Beitrag-rb7f7obssnlqrc4kwffqvmnjs3vypron2488klva34.jpg\" title=\"JayHarry_Beitrag\" alt=\"JayHarry_Beitrag\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/harry-jay-jeidels\/\">Harry Jay (Jeidels)<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-23049 post-23049 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-australia tag-berlin-en tag-exil-en tag-hay-en tag-hmt-dunera-en tag-holocaust-en tag-internment tag-mv-abosso-en tag-tatura-en tag-the-passenger tag-ulrich-a-boschwitz-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/BoschwitzUlrich_Beitrag-rb7eojc3n3ekd5xdnnm7lyioco7wzmpe3e1bss8us0.jpg\" title=\"BoschwitzUlrich_Beitrag\" alt=\"BoschwitzUlrich_Beitrag\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/\">Ulrich A. Boschwitz<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-24864 post-24864 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-approval category-biography tag-8th-australian-employment-company-en tag-australia tag-dunera-en tag-internment tag-max-schwarz-en tag-ulrich-laufer-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Beitrag_LauferSchwarz-rb7eccdgzgpnr9mzuvvfrjaexqbi4zaqr1dkokbphs.png\" title=\"Beitrag_LauferSchwarz\" alt=\"Beitrag_LauferSchwarz\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-laufer-and-max-schwarz\/\">Ulrich Laufer and Max Schwarz<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-26753 post-26753 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-exil-en tag-holocaust-en tag-internment tag-kids-interned tag-westernland-en\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/dunera_wire-rb7hfzncr1jqrvgrx585xd1f1c10eqizfmxsrqsafk.jpg\" title=\"dunera_wire\" alt=\"dunera_wire\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-youngest-dunera-boys\/\">The youngest Dunera Boys<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-27115 post-27115 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-exil-en tag-holocaust-en tag-internment tag-oldest-internees tag-queen-mary-internees-2\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/dunera_wire-rb7hfzncr1jqrvgrx585xd1f1c10eqizfmxsrqsafk.jpg\" title=\"dunera_wire\" alt=\"dunera_wire\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-oldest-dunera-boys\/\">The oldest Dunera Boys<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1582\" class=\"elementor elementor-1582 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-27437 post-27437 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-biography tag-8th-australian-employment-company-en tag-australia tag-dunera-en tag-internment tag-sgt-snow-white tag-sydney-loder tag-taxi-nach-leipzig\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973247a menu-pic e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"973247a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f8aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2f8aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Lohde_Beitrag-rct6diwfi7ekocjmcorl5j3kz2ialcebah2xtl91ow.png\" title=\"Lohde_Beitrag\" alt=\"Lohde_Beitrag\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f6239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97f6239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/sigurd-sigismund-lohde\/\">Sigurd Sigismund Lohde<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Previous\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M646 125C629 125 613 133 604 142L308 442C296 454 292 471 292 487 292 504 296 521 308 533L604 854C617 867 629 875 646 875 663 875 679 871 692 858 704 846 713 829 713 812 713 796 708 779 692 767L438 487 692 225C700 217 708 204 708 187 708 171 704 154 692 142 675 129 663 125 646 125Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Next\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-chevron-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M696 533C708 521 713 504 713 487 713 471 708 454 696 446L400 146C388 133 375 125 354 125 338 125 325 129 313 142 300 154 292 171 292 187 292 204 296 221 308 233L563 492 304 771C292 783 288 800 288 817 288 833 296 850 308 863 321 871 338 875 354 875 371 875 388 867 400 854L696 533Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote without-quotes is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Ulrich Alexander Boschwitz is considered a literary discovery with his first novel \u201cMenschen neben dem Leben\u201d (People Next to the Life), published in Sweden in 1937, and even more so with his second book \u201cDer Reisende\u201d (The Passenger), first published in London in 1939. The books were first published in German in 2018 and 2022 respectively. A Dunera Boy makes headlines &#8211; more than 75 years after his tragic death at the age of 27. This biography was triggered by the 110th anniversary of his birth.<\/p>\n<cite>Peter Dehn April 2025.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">In this article:<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#%E2%80%9EAnd_afterwards_%E2%80%A6_well%E2%80%9C\" >\u201eAnd afterwards \u2026 well\u201c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#Christian_education\" >Christian education<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#Norway_Sweden_Luxembourg\" >Norway, Sweden, Luxembourg<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#A_%E2%80%9Eperverted_logic%E2%80%9C\" >A \u201eperverted logic\u201c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#Ulrich_writes_%E2%80%9EThe_Passenger%E2%80%9C\" >Ulrich writes \u201eThe Passenger\u201c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#An_%E2%80%9Cinspiring%E2%80%9D_childrens_book\" >An \u201cinspiring\u201d children&#8217;s book<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#Internment_and_deportation\" >Internment and deportation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#On_the_HMT_Dunera\" >On the HMT Dunera<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#Death_on_the_Abosso\" >Death on the Abosso<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#Hananyas_report_Ulrichs_last_letter\" >Hananya&#8217;s report, Ulrich&#8217;s last letter<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#Martha\" >Martha<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#Clarissa\" >Clarissa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#%E2%80%9CWriting_against_powerlessness%E2%80%9D\" >\u201cWriting against powerlessness\u201d<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/ulrich-a-boschwitz\/#Footnotes\" >Footnotes<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"648\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_06_PortraitUlrichByMartha.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23037 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_06_PortraitUlrichByMartha.jpg 500w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_06_PortraitUlrichByMartha-231x300.jpg 231w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>\u201eThe portrait on the wall accompanied us all our childhood and youth, so it became an integral part of our life and still accompanies us.\u201c Photo: Family archives Shachaf-Friedman.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9EAnd_afterwards_%E2%80%A6_well%E2%80%9C\"><\/span><strong>\u201eAnd afterwards \u2026 well\u201c<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ulrich Alexander Boschwitz was born in Berlin on April 19, 1915. His Jewish father Sally, born on August 15, 1882 in Filehne (today Greater Poland Voivodeship), had converted to Christianity and lived as a <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23064'>factory owner in Berlin<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[1]  Stolperstein biography <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stolpersteine-berlin.de\/de\/hohenzollerndamm\/81\/martha-ella-boschwitz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Martha Ella Boschwitz<\/a>, retrieved Feb 25, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>. Ulrich&#8217;s mother Martha Ella Wolgast was born on November 22, 1886 in Langenfelde in the Pinneberg district as the fourth child in a Protestant family of doctors; her mother came from the Plitt family of merchants in L\u00fcbeck. Martha studied painting and art history in Berlin and Munich.<br><br><span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23068'>Sally and Martha<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[2]  Marriage entry, registry offica Berlin no. 32 fron January 12, 1911, via ancestry.de.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> were married in Berlin on January 12, 1911. Their first child was <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23071'>Clarissa<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[3]  Stolperstein biography <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stolpersteine-berlin.de\/de\/hohenzollerndamm\/81\/clarissa-boschwitz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clarissa Boschwitz<\/a>, retrieved Feb 25, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>, born on September 25, 1911. <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23075'>Sally died<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[4]  Registry office Berlin, entry no. 1037 from May 8, 1915, via ancestry.de.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> of a brain tumor on 7 May 1915 at the age of 32. Ulrich grew up without a father. His mother Martha not only took on the duties of head of the family.<br><br>In the Berlin telephone directory of 1918, she was listed as a \u201cfactory owner\u201d with an address in the eastern suburb of Karow, <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23078'>Spinolastra\u00dfe 2<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[5]  White pages Berlin 1918, page 139, via ancestry.de.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>. This was apparently a private address. The company <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23081'>Boschwitz &amp; Co.<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[6]  \u201eAdre\u00dfbuch der Chemisch-technischen, Pharmazeutischen und Kosmetischen Industrie 1921\u201c, page 11, via ancestry.de.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> was listed in a business directory from 1921. \u201cInh. Mrs. Martha Boschwitz\u201d traded in \u201c1. carbolineum, 2. heating oil, 3. tar products\u201d. The address, <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23472'>Potsdamer Strasse 134b<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[7]  See Wikipedia about the <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berliner_Postbezirke_zwischen_1862_und_1920\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Berlin postal districts<\/a> from 1862 to 1920 (German), retrieved March 25, 2025. Poet an novelist <a href=\"https:\/\/theodorfontane.de\/2017\/12\/05\/theodor-fontane-gedenktafel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Theodor Fontane<\/a> lived in the neighboring house 134c from 1872 until his death in 1898. The houses at no. 134 were renumbered to no. 15 in 1938. The buildings were destroyed during the war; retrieved March 26, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>, Berlin W9, located the company in the center of the capital, in the immediate vicinity of today&#8217;s Potsdamer Platz area.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>It is not known when Martha and the children moved into <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23087'>Hohenzollerndamm No. 81<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[8]  Stolpersteine Berlin <a href=\"https:\/\/www.berlin.de\/ba-charlottenburg-wilmersdorf\/ueber-den-bezirk\/geschichte\/stolpersteine\/artikel.817281.php#:~:text=Die%20Stolpersteine%20f%C3%BCr%20Martha%20Boschwitz,des%20Bezirksb%C3%BCrgermeisters%20Reinhard%20Naumann%20verlegt.\">Hohenzollerndamm 81<\/a>, retrieved Feb 25, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> in the Wilmersdorf district. The house in the then upper middle-class area of West Berlin belonged to Sally&#8217;s brother Eli, who also lived there with his wife Luci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Christian_education\"><\/span>Christian education<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23092'>reports of her mother Clarissa<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[9]  Ibid.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>, her granddaughter Reuella described Martha as a dominant personality with a deeply rooted social streak. Martha, a Protestant, raised Clarissa and Ulrich in the same way. She awakened the siblings&#8217; interest in both artistic pursuits and social responsibility. Martha set a good example: she took unmarried pregnant women out of the socially marginalized world of illegitimate motherhood and provided them with an income as domestic help. In the company, she paid the wages to the women or mothers. She wanted to ensure that the money reached the family instead of being spent on alcohol in the nearest pub.<br><br>&nbsp;The children found out about their deceased father&#8217;s <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23094'>Jewish faith<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[10]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.berlin.de\/ba-charlottenburg-wilmersdorf\/ueber-den-bezirk\/geschichte\/stolpersteine\/rede-reuella.pdf?ts=1627384116\">Speech of Reuella Shachaf<\/a> nee Boschwitz o<span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"en\">n the occasion of the laying of the <\/span>Stolpersteine on July\u00a0 13, 2019, presented by her daughter Esther Shachaf-Friedman, retrieved Feb 20, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>&nbsp;behind their mother&#8217;s back through a domestic servant. In accordance with the Nazis&#8217; anti-Semitic policies, Clarissa and Ulrich were therefore considered \u201chalf-Jews\u201d or \u201chalf-breeds of the first degree\u201d because of two Jewish grandfathers on their father&#8217;s side. They therefore had to reckon with racial persecution by the Nazis.<br><br>Clarissa had already fled in 1933. Ulrich was to be drafted into the Wehrmacht in 1935. This and the Nazi murder of Martha&#8217;s older <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23097'>brother Alexander<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[11]  Stolpersteine Berlin Hohenzollerndamm 81, loc.cit.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> were the immediate triggers for Martha and Ulrich to flee. <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23099'>Dr. Alexander Wolgast<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[12]  Cf. Kirchenbuch Pampow, Mecklenburg and phonebook entries Essen for Dr. Alexander Wolgast from 1913 to 1939, via ancestry.de, retrieved Feb 27, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>&nbsp;(*11 April 1876), a lawyer in Essen, described the racist \u201c<span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23102'>Nuremberg Laws<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[13]  Wikipedia about the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuremberg_Laws\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nuremberg laws<\/a>, retrieved 25 March, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d passed on 1 April 1935 as ineffective, with which the Nazis condemned Jewish and other people they considered undesirable to the sidelines of society. In response, he was murdered in the street, the family reports.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"620\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Hohenzollerndamm81_dehn.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22667 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Hohenzollerndamm81_dehn.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Hohenzollerndamm81_dehn-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Hohenzollerndamm81_dehn-768x476.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>The house at Hohenzollerndamm 81 today. Photo: Dehn.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_03_Ulrich_Clarissa-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22689 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_03_Ulrich_Clarissa-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_03_Ulrich_Clarissa-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_03_Ulrich_Clarissa.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Ulrich and his sister Clarissa. Photo: Family archives Shachaf-Friedman.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Norway_Sweden_Luxembourg\"><\/span><strong>Norway, Sweden, Luxembourg<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"321\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/MenschenDraussen_Scweden.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22595\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/MenschenDraussen_Scweden.png 321w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/MenschenDraussen_Scweden-193x300.png 193w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 321px) 100vw, 321px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"331\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Passenger_Cover.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22699\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Passenger_Cover.jpg 331w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Passenger_Cover-199x300.jpg 199w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>Martha and Ulrich, accompanied by Martha&#8217;s friend and fellow painter <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23106'>Paula Helene Schain<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[14]  Paula Helene Schain war born Sep 13, 1894 in Cologne; entry <a href=\"https:\/\/imuseum.im\/search\/collections\/people\/mnh-agent-107096.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">detention list Camp Rushen<\/a>, Isle of Man Museum, retrieved march 15, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>, left Berlin and initially went to Sweden via Norway. There Ulrich found a publisher for his first book \u201cMenschen neben dem Leben\u201d. It was published in Swedish in 1937 under the title \u201cM\u00e4nniskor utanf\u00f6r\u201d and with the author&#8217;s pseudonym John Grane.<br><br>Ulrich&#8217;s next destination was Luxembourg, where he arrived on August 30, 1937. Shortly afterwards, Martha Boschwitz and Helene Schain also arrived in the <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23114'>Grand Duchy<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[15]  Samuel Hamen \u201eJetzt ist man Luft, schlechte Luft!\u201c in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.land.lu\/page\/article\/324\/335324\/FRE\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">d\u2019L\u00ebtzebuerger Land<\/a> online of April 5, 2019, retrieved on Feb 25, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>. During his four-month stay there, he wrote \u201c<span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23117'>Die W\u00f6lfe<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[16]  Ibid, Hamen refers to a text by Helene Schain.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d (Wolves) about the time shortly after the First World War, Helene Schain reported. The manuscript was not published and is lost.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_%E2%80%9Eperverted_logic%E2%80%9C\"><\/span><strong>A \u201eperverted logic\u201c<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In Luxembourg, a historian later wrote about the <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23120'>treatment of refugees<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[17]  Ibid, Hamen quotes from the study \u201eLa question juive\u201c (The Jewish Question) by Vincent Artuso (2015).<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> there, \u201ca perverse logic was articulated that equated the refugee with an ordinary immigrant and, by denying his desperate situation, turned him into a potential criminal himself\u201d. Helene Schain became an example of this: she was reported anonymously by a coward because she went from house to house to get a job as a painter. The police were not interested in her persecution story. She was deported to Belgium on the same day for peddling.<br><br>On November 26 Ulrich Boschwitz was stopped by a patrol. According to the immigration police, he was missing important documents including \u201cproof of any means of subsistence\u201d. It was also claimed that he had falsified the validity date of a document issued by the French consulate in Norway; therefore, his entry into the Grand Duchy was already illegal. He was deported to France just a few hours after his arrest. He took advantage of this to study literature at the Sorbonne. He next stayed in <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23123'>Brussels<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[18]  Ibid.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>, where he reunited with Martha and Helene Schain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ulrich_writes_%E2%80%9EThe_Passenger%E2%80%9C\"><\/span><strong>Ulrich writes \u201eThe Passenger\u201c<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"997\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Manuskript_Titel.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22693 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Manuskript_Titel.png 800w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Manuskript_Titel-241x300.png 241w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Manuskript_Titel-768x957.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>The title page of the original manuscript of \u201cThe Passenger\u201d. Photo: German National Library, German Exile Archive 1933-1945, Frankfurt am Main.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>The three probably traveled on to England together; Martha had distant relatives there. Helene Schain&#8217;s entry was documented for May 15, 1938; the same source notes <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23126'>Martha&#8217;s registration<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[19]  Entries Helene Schain loc.cit and <a href=\"https:\/\/imuseum.im\/search\/collections\/people\/mnh-agent-96837.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Martha Boschwitz<\/a>, dention list Camp Rushen, Isle of Man Museum, retrieved March 15, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> in England on August 15, 1938. It was there that she received the news of the pogroms in Germany on November 9 and 10, 1938.<br><br>Ulrich Boschwitz continued working on \u201cThe Passenger\u201d in London. He put his feelings on paper: the despair that racism had prevailed and how it had done so, the horror at the social indifference shown to the Jews, the betrayal of friends, the loss of home. And: being on the road without really understanding why and certainly not knowing where the journey will lead. Boschwitz was able to publish the book, again as John Grane, in English under the title \u201cThe Passenger\u201d.<br><br>In September 1939, Martha, Helene and Ulrich were living at <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23129'>17 Primrose Hill Road<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[20]  Census survey of Sep 29, 1939, via ancestry.de.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> in the London district of Hampstead. Martha and Helene gave their occupation as painter. Helene was also listed in the Home Office register as a secretary and Martha Boschwitz as her employer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"An_%E2%80%9Cinspiring%E2%80%9D_childrens_book\"><\/span><strong>An \u201cinspiring\u201d children&#8217;s book<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ulrich wrote the story for children \u201c<span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23132'>Winter Tail<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[21]  Speech by Reuella Shachaf, loc. cit.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d, which Martha illustrated. An article in the British newspaper \u201cThe Guardian\u201d claims that this work was created on the Isle of Man under the title \u201cWinter&#8217;s Birthday: A Fairy Tale\u201d. This seems unlikely, as Ulrich and Martha were housed in different camps. It can hardly be assumed that they had the \u201coutlet\u201d required for such a collaboration. In addition, Ulrich&#8217;s detention there was certainly too short for such a task: his release from internment dates from June 21, 1940, and his arrest was certainly not immediate. Ulrich Boschwitz left England on board the <em>Dunera<\/em> as early as July 10. The transportation time from London to the Isle of Man and from there to Liverpool must be deducted from this period.<br><br>\u201c<span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23134'>The Guardian<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[22]  Jonathan Freedland, \u201eKing Winter\u2019s Birthday\u201c illustrated by Emily Sutton, published by <a href=\"https:\/\/pushkinpress.com\/book\/king-winters-birthday\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pushkin Press<\/a>, 2024. The author had been \u201einspired by a story from Ulrich Alexander Boschwitz, the author of <em>The Passenger\",<\/em> advertised the publisher. Retrieved April 8, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d advertised the children&#8217;s book \u201cKing Winter&#8217;s Birthday\u201d. Its author Jonathan Freedland wrote about his reading of Boschwitz&#8217;s text, among other things: \u201cThe original handwritten manuscript, complete with graphics added by Ulrich&#8217;s mother, had lain undisturbed in a New York archive for eight long decades.\u201d <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23137'>Freedland<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[23]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/books\/2024\/nov\/30\/how-i-brought-jewish-wartime-refugees-lost-fairytale-back-to-life-king-winters-birthday-jonathan-freedland-ulrich-boschwitz-emily-sutton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jonathan Freedland<\/a>, \u201eHow I brought a Jewish wartime refugee\u2019s lost fairytale back to life\u201c, in \u201eThe Guardian\u201c online, Nov 30, 2024, retrieved March 15, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> explained why reading Ulrich&#8217;s work was unsuitable for today&#8217;s children. However, it had \u201c<span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23140'>inspired<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[24]  Advertising by the publisher aao.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d him to write his book, which was sold in the Guardian store and elsewhere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Internment_and_deportation\"><\/span><strong>Internment and deportation<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On October 12, 1939, the <a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/british-deportationspart-2-2\/\">British tribunal<\/a> classified Ulrich in <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23143'>category \u201cC\u201d<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[25]  Home Office, file card Ulrich Boschwitz, via ancestrya.de.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> and thus freed him from internment and restrictions. The fear of foreigners stirred up by the British fascists and the fear of invasion prompted Winston Churchill&#8217;s government to decide to imprison all \u201cenemy aliens\u201d. This was done regardless of whether they were in category \u201cA\u201d as Nazis, in \u2018B\u2019 as suspected of Nazi sympathies or in \u201cC\u201d as refugees persecuted on racial or political grounds. When the decision was changed on June 21, 1940, Ulrich and thousands of emigrants were declared enemies of Britain.<br><br><span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23146'>Martha<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[26]  Detention list Camp Rushen loc.cit.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> and her friend <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23149'>Helene<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[27]  Detention list Camp Rushen loc.cit.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> were interned in the Rushen Camp for women and children on the southern tip of the island, the personal property of the royal family, from May 30 and July 18, 1940 respectively. Helene, who was classified as a Nazi by the tribunal under \u201cA\u201d, was imprisoned there until May 2, 1945. No exact date is given for Martha&#8217;s release in 1945.<br><br>Ulrich Boschwitz was initially taken to one of the hastily set up camps for men on the Isle of Man. On July 10, 1940, he was brought to <em><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-duneras-journeypart-1\/\">HMT Dunera<\/a><\/em> with around 2,500 German and Austrian refugees as well as Italians and prisoners of war and was first frisked as a welcome measure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"On_the_HMT_Dunera\"><\/span><strong>On the HMT <em>Dunera<\/em><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The internees were systematically <a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-duneras-journeypart-3\/\">robbed<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-duneras-journeypart-4\/\">tortured<\/a> by the guards under the supervision of the officers. Important documents, including visas for third countries, were destroyed. Everything but a jacket and a cigarette case was taken from him, Boschwitz later complained. Above all, a novel manuscript was stolen from him during the crossing. He demanded compensation of 700 pounds from the British government for lost royalties. \u201c16 individual claims for <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23151'>manuscripts<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[28]  Julian Layton to Dominions Office, London. Secret telegram from May 8, 1941. National Archives of Australia, NAA_ItemNumber216013, page 116, Retrieved March 15, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>, patents etc. total 5,750 pounds,\u201d <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23154'>Julian Layton<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[29]  Wikipedia on <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Julian_Layton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Julian David Layton<\/a> (19041989), born as Loewenstein. He was commissioned by the British government to wind down the Australian internment camps, retrieved March 15, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> reported to England. 1,600 <em>Dunera<\/em> internees had demanded a total of 32,500 pounds in compensation. The British bureaucracy spent months discussing how these expenses could be reduced. Claims up to 10 pounds were generously paid out in full; for higher claims, 10 pounds plus 2\/3 of the claims exceeding this amount were paid. \u201cIt is not desirable for this formula to be communicated\u201d, the London austerity bureaucrats remarked.<br><br>It took two months of torturous transportation by ship before the <em>Dunera<\/em> finally reached its destination in Sydney. The internees were taken by train to the final destination of Hay in the north-west of the state of New South Wales. He was housed in <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23467'>Camp 7, Hut 36<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[30]  Files of the Official Visitor Sir Frederick Jordan, October 1940, page 36, NAA_ItemNumber390299.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>. Months later, the internees were transferred to Tatura in the state of Victoria. In both places, they were locked up in hut camps behind three rows of barbed wire like prisoners of war.<br><br>The sinking of the <em><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/arandora-starpart-1\/\">Arandora Star<\/a><\/em> alone brought Churchill&#8217;s migrant campaign under critical crossfire, including in Parliament. The political line was already changed in the <a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/british-deportationspart-3\/\">summer of 1940<\/a>, while the <em>Dunera <\/em>was still at sea. But Australia refused &#8211; also for racist reasons &#8211; to grant internees permanent residence after their release. <a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/991-per-cent-british\/\">Australia had insisted<\/a> that all internees had to be brought to England before they could be released. This did not only apply to the volunteers who enlisted in British pioneer troops from the spring of 1941. The internees who had papers to travel to third countries were also sent to England via the endangered transportation routes. For example, Sigmund Berger was allowed to meet his daughter briefly in New York during a stopover of his transport; however, despite his visa, he was not allowed to leave the <em><span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23157'>Waroonga<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[31]  Waroonga torppedoed on her way from New York via Cuba to England an sunk. Berger was one of the victims.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Death_on_the_Abosso\"><\/span><strong>Death on the <em>Abosso<\/em><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ulrich Boschwitz was one of a group of 36 Germans and Austrians and seven Italians who were sent on the <em><span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23161'>Westernland<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[32]  Westernland hat a <a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/?p=22721\">German Jewish history<\/a>.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> in August 1942 with the destination \u201cUnited Kingdom\u201d. Why they had to disembark in Cape Town remains unknown. Their journey did not continue until October 10 on the <em>MV Abosso<\/em>. Due to the low cruising speed of a maximum of only 15 knots, the ship should actually have sailed in a convoy for safety reasons. The British refusal was fatal for 361 people.<br><br>On October 29, 1942, the <em>Abosso<\/em>, with 392 people on board, was attacked with four torpedoes by the German submarine U-575 about 1,100 kilometers northwest of the Azores Islands. The ship was hit and sank after being shot. 36 hours later, 31 people were rescued, including one of the Italian internees. Ulrich Boschwitz also remained at sea. The British Home Office prohibited <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23163'>public announcements<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[33]  Secret telegram from Dec 8, 1942. NAA loc.cit, page 159.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> about the sinking.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u201e<\/strong>The Passenger<strong>\u201c<\/strong> on stage<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>The great interest shown by the theater scene in \u201cThe Passenger\u201d is as gratifying as it is surprising. The first performances took place at the end of 2019. Some productions will still be shown in 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Zuerich_byRaphael-Hadad_02-.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23055 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Zuerich_byRaphael-Hadad_02-.jpg 800w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Zuerich_byRaphael-Hadad_02--300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Zuerich_byRaphael-Hadad_02--768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>The first adaptation of \u201cThe Passenger\u201d, directed by Manon Pfrunder and starring Klaus Br\u00f6mmelmeier, Vera Fl\u00fcck, Matthias Neukirch and Nicolas Batthyany, was shown at Schauspielhaus Z\u00fcrich in 2019. Press photo: Raphael Hadad \/ Schauspielhaus Z\u00fcrich.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Memmingen_byMonikaForster.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22648 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Memmingen_byMonikaForster.png 1000w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Memmingen_byMonikaForster-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Memmingen_byMonikaForster-768x384.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Kathrin M\u00e4dler&#8217;s production premiered at the Staatstheater Schwaben in November 2019. The actors Klaus Philipp, Agnes Decker, David Lau, Tobias Loth, Franziska Roth and Andr\u00e9 Stuchlik also made guest appearances at Theater G\u00fctersloh. Press photo: Monika Forster \/ Staatstheater Schwaben.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/202309_DerReisendeInstallation2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22632 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/202309_DerReisendeInstallation2.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/202309_DerReisendeInstallation2-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/202309_DerReisendeInstallation2-768x384.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>An <a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/audio-installation-the-passenger\/\">immersive audio installation<\/a> by the artist collective Auricle (Berlin\/London) was presented in Berlin in 2023, with the audience taking their seats in an improvised scene. Press photo Koen Jacobs, CC BY-ND 2.0.<br><strong>Addendum:<\/strong> The installation has since been set up at the German National Library (Adickesallee 1, 60322 Frankfurt am Main) and can be visited free of charge during opening hours, together with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dnb.de\/EN\/Kulturell\/DA-DEA\/daDea_node.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">exhibition of the German Exile Archive<\/a>.<br><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/DerReisende_TribuehneStuttgart.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16468 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/DerReisende_TribuehneStuttgart.jpg 800w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/DerReisende_TribuehneStuttgart-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/DerReisende_TribuehneStuttgart-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Manuel Krstanovic plays Silbermann at tri-B\u00fchne Stuttgart. The adaption <a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-passenger-back-on-stage\/\">premiered<\/a> June 2024, but is played in 2025. Press photo: Laura Kifferle.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Essen_byBirgitHupfeld.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22644 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Essen_byBirgitHupfeld.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Essen_byBirgitHupfeld-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_Essen_byBirgitHupfeld-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Schauspiel Essen premiered <strong>\u201e<\/strong>The Passenger<strong>\u201c <\/strong>September 2024 at Grillo-Theater. The adaptation and production by Hakan Savas Mican will be shown again on June 15, 2025. Mathias Znidarec plays Otto Silbermann. Press photo: Birgit Hupfeld.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReidende_Lesung_DeutschesTheater_AlmutZilcher.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22650 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReidende_Lesung_DeutschesTheater_AlmutZilcher.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReidende_Lesung_DeutschesTheater_AlmutZilcher-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReidende_Lesung_DeutschesTheater_AlmutZilcher-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Actress Almut Zilcher presented a reading of \u201eThe Passenger<strong>\u201c<\/strong> at the Deutsches Theater Berlin. Press photo: Teresa Mundlov\u00e1 \/ Deutsches Theater.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_KleinesTheater_02_byJoernHartmann.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22653 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_KleinesTheater_02_byJoernHartmann.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_KleinesTheater_02_byJoernHartmann-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DerReisende_KleinesTheater_02_byJoernHartmann-768x538.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/the-passenger-in-berlin\/\">Mirko B\u00f6ttcher<\/a> wrote an directs the version for Kleines Theater Berlin, which premiered April and May 2025. Press photo: J\u00f6rn Hartmann.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hananyas_report_Ulrichs_last_letter\"><\/span><strong>Hananya&#8217;s report, Ulrich&#8217;s last letter<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On July 13, 2019, at the laying of the Stumbling Stones for Martha, Clarissa and Ulrich, Esther Shachaf-Friedman spoke on behalf of her mother Reuella Shachaf, a daughter of Clarissa Boschwitz, about the following episode: Clarissa and Reuella traveled to Berlin in 1989. On the plane, they met Dunera Boy Hananya Feiner by chance.<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201e<span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23167'>Hananya told us<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[34]  Speech by Reuella Shachaf loc.cit.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> about the hunger and suffering and the hard condition on the sail to Australia; in the detention camp there were refugees from Germany aged 16 to 70 years old. There were respected persons, professors, artists, yeshiva students and rabbis, among them Freud\u2019s grandson. At the camp they developed rich cultural and spiritual life, studies, theatres, lectures. But Ulrich did not take part in all this activities, except for chess playing. He dedicated this time to writing, on a desk which oine of the detainees has built for him.\u201c Reuella and Esther continued: \u201eIn 1942, before Ulrich started his way back to England to join his mother, Hananya helped him to tie the manuscript of his new book \u201aDays of Dream\u2018, around his body, in case the ship drowned, and he would somehow survive.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Ulrich Boschwitz probably suspected that this hope could be deceptive. He began his <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23171'>last letter<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[35]  <a href=\"https:\/\/kuenste-im-exil.de\/KIE\/Content\/DE\/Objekte\/boschwitz-ulrich-alexander-brief-an-martha-boschwitz-1942.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ulrich Boschwitz<\/a> to Martha Boschwitz on Aug 10, 1942. Via \"K\u00fcnste im Exil\" (Deutsches Exilarchiv), retrieved march 20, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> from Australia to his mother with the words:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201eIn case you get this letter you probably know why. \u2013 I took my chance and failed. \u2013 Now its difficult for me to say anything about it, before it happened. \u2013 And afterwards well \u2026 &#8211; And that\u2019s just the word: Well.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Nevertheless, he did not give up: In the letter, he informs his mother that he had entrusted more than 100 corrections to the first part of the English edition of \u201cThe Passenger\u201d to a campmate in England; he asked Martha to find an <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23175'>editor<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[36]  Ibid.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>. Nothing is known about the whereabouts of this document.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"104\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Buchcover_montage-1024x104.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22638\" style=\"width:1198px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Buchcover_montage-1024x104.png 1024w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Buchcover_montage-300x30.png 300w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Buchcover_montage-768x78.png 768w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Buchcover_montage-1536x156.png 1536w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Boschwitz_Buchcover_montage-2048x208.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_04_Martha-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22684 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_04_Martha-768x1025.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_04_Martha-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_04_Martha.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Martha Boschwitz. Photo: Family archives Shachaf-Friedman.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Martha\"><\/span>Martha<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ulrich&#8217;s mother Martha was only released from internment on the Isle of Man at the end of the war. She remained in England and worked as a painter. One episode is documented: in 1948, she dedicated the poem \u201cThe Lily\u201d to Princess Elizabeth on the occasion of the birth of her son <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23179'>Charles<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[37]  Charles was born an Nov 14, 1948. Since May 6, 2023 he is King Charles III.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>. She apparently signed it with her maiden name Wolgast. Because she did not dare to do so herself, Martha&#8217;s old friend Paula Helene Schain sent the poem to the royal family. They informed her that Elisabeth would accept it. A report by the news agency Reuters about the episode made <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23182'>headlines as far away as Australia<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[38]  Cf. The Kalgoorlie Miner on Dec 27, 1948 page 5 and The Westaustralian on Dec 23, 1948 page 18 via National Library of Australia, <a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">newspapager archives<\/a>, Australiens, retrieved Feb 25, 2025.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<br><br>As the family reported, Martha Boschwitz lived alone in London after her release from the Isle of Man, \u201cheartbroken and always sickly as a result of her son&#8217;s tragic fate\u201d. She &#8220;buried herself completely in her grief for Ulrich Alexander. She painted a portrait of him and sent it to her daughter Clarissa in Israel. It still hangs there today in the living room of Martha&#8217;s granddaughter Reuella and reminds her descendants of an uncle and great-uncle whom she was never able to meet in person, but who is nevertheless a very important and <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23185'>very present member of the family<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[39]  Speech by Reuella Shachaf loc. cit.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>.&#8221;<br><br><span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23188'>Martha Boschwitz<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[40]  Stolperstein biography Martha Ella Boschwitz loc.cit.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> died in London on July 18, 1959.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Clarissa\"><\/span>Clarissa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Thanks to her mother Martha&#8217;s upbringing, <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23192'>Clarissa<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[41]  Cf. Speech of Reuella Shachaf loc.cit.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> was both artistically and socially engaged. She often played the organ for church services at the Kreuzkirche on Hohenzollerndamm diagonally opposite the apartment. In her profession as a social worker, she taught children in an orphanage whose families suffered from syphilis.<br><br>The circumstances under which the Nazis publicly elevated the blonde-haired beauty to the status of a \u201ctypical Aryan\u201d young woman in 1933 remain unknown. What is clear, however, is that Clarissa had the courage not to allow herself to be taken in and to acknowledge the Jewish part of her family. As a result, she lived illegally in Berlin for a while so as not to endanger the family.<br><br>She probably escaped Nazi persecution to Palestine in 1933. There she converted to the Jewish faith and got married. The marriage, which produced their daughter Esther, ended in divorce in 1940. Clarissa now worked as a teacher in her kibbutz. In 1942, she married her colleague Itzchak Salzberg. Their daughter Reuella was born in 1943 and their son Doron in 1948.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_02_Clarissa-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22676 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_02_Clarissa-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_02_Clarissa-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/boschwitz_familie_02_Clarissa.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Clarissa Boschwitz. Photo: Family archives Shachaf-Friedman.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Clarissa suffered both from the loss of closeness to her family and from some kibbutzim, as her mother Martha was not born Jewish and Clarissa was not accepted as Jewish in a narrow interpretation, Reuella reported. The family learned about these conflicts from <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23206'>Clarissa&#8217;s diaries<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[42]  Stolperstein biography loc. cit.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span>. She wrote, among other things:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">&#8220;It draws me back, I always fear the moment when Germany frees itself from the Nazis. Now Esther and Reuella bind me to Palestine, I fear to destroy them, as I was destroyed and disturbed from the moment I knew that my father was a Jew.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Clarissa died in Israel on September 8, 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CWriting_against_powerlessness%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>\u201cWriting against powerlessness\u201d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>Ulrich Alexander Boschwitz died at sea at the age of just 27. His novels \u201cMenschen neben dem Leben\u201d and \u201cDer Reisende\u201d, written while on the run from the Nazis and in the hope of finding a \u201csafe haven\u201d, were only published in German in 2018 and 2019 respectively. Several publishers had refused to publish them long beforehand, although none other than Literature Nobel Prize winner German writer <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23198'>Heinrich B\u00f6ll<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[43]  Peter Graf, epilogue to \u201eDer Reisende\u201c, published by Klett-Cotta 2018, ISBN 978-3-608-98154-4.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> had campaigned for them.<br><br>Boschwitz&#8217;s discoverer and publisher Peter Graf sees \u201cMenschen neben dem Leben\u201d as a <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23210'>literary counterpart<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[44]  Peter Graf, epilogue to \u201eMenschen neben dem Leben\u201c, published by Klett-Cotta 2019, ISBN 978-3-608-98473-6.<span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> to Walter Ruttmann&#8217;s long documentary film \u201cMenschen am Sonntag\u201d (1927). He emphasizes the autobiographical and family biographical features of \u201cThe Passenger\u201d. \u201cUlrich Boschwitz, it seems, must write against powerlessness and bear literary witness to the crimes that are taking place in Germany and Austria and to which the world community is so frighteningly indifferent or at least passive.\u201d<br><br>A <span class='reference'><span class='has_reference ref-23214'>poem<\/span><span class='ref_tooltip'>[45]  Peter Graf, epilogue to \u201eDer Reisende\u201c loc.cit. <span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"en\">Word-oriented translation from Germa by Peter Dehn.<\/span><span class=\"tooltip_arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span> that Peter Graf found in his estate shows that Ulrich Alexander Boschwitz retained his optimism despite all the horrors he described in his two novels and which he himself had to endure:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/BoschwitzUlrich.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6896 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/BoschwitzUlrich.png 500w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/BoschwitzUlrich-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/dunera.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/BoschwitzUlrich-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Ulrich Alexander Boschwitz. Source: Leo Baeck Institute, DTLPID 2267158.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\">Only those who hope can go on living,<br><br>because those who see nothing ahead of them,<br><br>have already given up the spirit<br><br>before he moves on.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Please note:<\/strong> We would like to thank Esther Shachaf-Friedman for the family of Ulrich Boschwitz, Dr. Silvia Asmus (German Exile Archive Frankfurt am Main) and Gisela Morel-Tiemann (Stolperstein-Initiative Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf) for their support.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Footnotes\"><\/span>Footnotes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>show<\/summary>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ulrich Alexander Boschwitz &#8211; Dunera Boy and promising writer who was killed by a German torpedo at the age of just 27.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":23046,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[174],"tags":[189,295,206,296,198,197,190,702,297,701,444],"class_list":["post-23049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biography","tag-australia","tag-berlin-en","tag-exil-en","tag-hay-en","tag-hmt-dunera-en","tag-holocaust-en","tag-internment","tag-mv-abosso-en","tag-tatura-en","tag-the-passenger","tag-ulrich-a-boschwitz-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23049","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23049"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25845,"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23049\/revisions\/25845"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23046"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dunera.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}